AEC 3rd sem
AEC 3rd sem
- September 12, 2026
AEC
3rd sem
AEC
COLLEGE NAME : Maharani shree nandkumarba mahila arts and commerce college
NAME: VALA NENCYBA DILIPSINH
YEAR : S.Y B.A
SEMESTER : 3RD
SUBJECT : ENGLISH
PAPER NAME : SEC
DATE : 12 September
PROFESSOR : Mahir sir
{Home assignment}
Role of Active and Passive Voice in Day-to-Day Life
1. What is Active Voice:
- Subject does the action.
- Focus is on WHO did the work.
- Example: I wrote the assignment.
2. What is Passive Voice:
- Action is more important than who did it.
- Focus is on WHAT happened.
- Example: The assignment was written.
3. Role of Active Voice in Daily Life:
- Used for direct and clear talking with family and friends.
- Used for giving instructions and orders.
- Used for telling stories and personal experiences.
- Shows confidence and responsibility.
- Example: I made a mistake. Mom cooked dinner. We play cricket.
4. Role of Passive Voice in Daily Life:
- Used when we don't know who did the action.
- Example: My cycle has been stolen. My book has been taken.
- Used for rules, notices and instructions in school and office.
- Example: Mobile phones are not allowed. The school gate is closed at 8 AM.
- Used in news, newspapers and science for formal language.
- Example: The match was cancelled due to rain. English is spoken all over the world.
- Used to speak politely without blaming anyone.
- Example: Instead of "You broke my pen" we say "My pen has been broken".
- Used when the doer is not important.
- Example: The work has been finished. The poor should be helped.
5. Sentences as per Rules for Daily Use:
- Present Simple:
- She writes poems daily.
- Poems are written by her daily.
- Past Simple:
- The author wrote an epic.
- An epic was written by the author.
- Future Simple:
- We will complete the assignment.
- The assignment will be completed.
- Continuous Tense:
- I am making a poster.
- A poster is being made by me.
- Perfect Tense:
- She has submitted the homework.
- The homework has been submitted.
- Daily Life Useful Sentences in Passive Voice:
- English is spoken all over the world.
- The result will be announced tomorrow.
- It is said that hard work is important.
- Homework must be submitted tomorrow.
- My birthday was celebrated yesterday.
{Class assignment}
1. What are Personal Pronouns:
- Personal pronouns are words used in place of a person's name.
- They are: I, we, you, he, she, it, they, me, us, him, her, them, my, mine, our, your, his, hers, theirs.
- Example: Instead of saying "Rahul is my friend. Rahul is very kind", we say "Rahul is my friend. *He* is very kind."
2. Main Role of Personal Pronouns in Daily Life:
- To avoid repetition:
- Without pronoun: My mother is a teacher. My mother teaches English.
- With pronoun: My mother is a teacher. *She* teaches English. - More effective and natural.
- To make sentences short and clear:
- Without pronoun: This book belongs to me. This book is very useful for me.
- With pronoun: This book belongs to me. *It* is very useful for me.
- To show who is speaking and who is listening:
- First person (I, we) - shows the speaker. Example: *I* am doing my homework.
- Second person (you) - shows the listener. Example: *You* are my best friend.
- Third person (he, she, they) - shows the person we are talking about. Example: *They* are playing cricket.
- To show possession and belonging:
- Example: This is *my* assignment. This pen is *yours*. That house is *theirs*.
- Makes sentence more effective by showing ownership clearly.
- To add emotion and personal touch:
- Example: "He is my brother" feels more personal than saying "That boy is my brother".
- "We will win the match" shows team spirit and unity.
3. How Personal Pronouns Make Sentences More Effective:
- Makes writing smooth and beautiful:
- Bad: Riya went to market. Riya bought vegetables. Riya came back home.
- Good: Riya went to market. *She* bought vegetables and *she* came back home.
- Avoids confusion in long sentences:
- Example: The teacher called Rahul and said *he* should submit *his* homework tomorrow. Here 'he' and 'his' clearly point to Rahul.
- Makes sentences grammatically correct and formal:
- In essays, letters, and assignments, we cannot repeat names again and again. Pronouns make language professional.
- Helps in different tenses and voices:
- Example: *I* write a poem (Active). A poem is written by *me* (Passive). Pronoun changes as per rule.
- Important in day-to-day conversation:
- We use I, you, we, they 100 times daily. Without them, our daily talk would be boring and repetitive.
4. Ready Sentences for Your Notebook:
- *I* am a student of literature. (First person)
- *You* are very hardworking. (Second person)
- *He* is the author of this epic. (Third person - masculine)
- *She* writes beautiful elegies. (Third person - feminine)
- *It* is a very old book. (For things/animals)
- *We* are completing our home assignment.
- *They* are singing a ballad in the class.
- This assignment is *mine*.
- That idea is *yours*, not *mine*.
- The students submitted *their* assignments on time.
Conclusion:
Personal pronouns are small words but they have a big role. They save time, avoid repetition, make sentences short, clear, beautiful and more effective. Without personal pronouns, English language would be incomplete.
{ Essay }
1) What are Reading Skills?
- Reading skill is the ability to read, understand and get meaning from written text.
- It is not just reading words, but understanding the message, main idea and purpose of the writer.
- Good reading skills help in studies, exams, and daily life - to read notices, newspapers, books, articles.
2) Two Main Types of Reading Skills
In your syllabus, two main types are:
A) SKIMMING - Reading for General Idea / Gist
- What is it: Reading quickly to get the main idea of the whole text, not every word.
- How to do it: Read title, headings, first and last lines of paragraphs, and important words only.
- When to use: When you read a newspaper, magazine, or long article and want to know what it is about in 2-3 minutes.
- Purpose: To find the central theme / summary.
- Example: Before reading a full book, you read the back cover to know the story - that is skimming.
B) SCANNING - Reading for Specific Information
- What is it: Reading very quickly to find one specific detail, like a date, name, number, or answer.
- How to do it: You don't read all lines. Your eyes run fast over the text to find that one keyword.
- When to use: When you look for a word in a dictionary, a phone number in a list, or an answer in comprehension.
- Purpose: To find specific facts / answers.
- Example: Searching for your train timing in a railway timetable - that is scanning.
Other two types your teacher may also ask:
- *Intensive Reading:* Slow, deep reading for full understanding. For studying poems like Elegy, Ballad, Epic in detail.
- *Extensive Reading:* Reading long texts like novels, stories for pleasure and to improve general knowledge.
3) APPLICATION PART 1 - One Article with Important Points
I have taken one article for your assignment. You can copy this.
ARTICLE: The Power of Poetry in Our Life*
_Poetry is one of the oldest forms of literature in human history. From ancient times, people used poetry to express love, sadness, bravery and joy. In early days, poetry was sung, not written, because most people could not read. That is why we have ballads and epics which were sung by minstrels from village to village.
_Today, poetry is still very important. It helps us to understand our emotions better. When we are sad, an elegy can give words to our sadness. When we feel brave, an epic can inspire us. Science and technology give us comfort, but poetry gives us meaning. A good poem stays in our mind because of its rhythm and music. Students should read poetry not just for exams, but to make their life more sensitive and beautiful._
Important Points of this Article (Skimming Skill Applied):
1. Main Idea: Poetry is an ancient and still important part of human life.
2. In old times, poetry was sung as ballads and epics by minstrels because people could not read.
3. Poetry expresses human feelings like love, sadness, bravery and joy.
4. Today, poetry helps us understand emotions - elegy for sadness, epic for bravery.
5. Science gives comfort, but poetry gives meaning to life.
6. Rhythm and music make poems memorable.
7. Message to students: Read poetry to make life sensitive and beautiful, not only for exams.
4) APPLICATION PART 2 - One Reading Comprehension Solved
COMPREHENSION PASSAGE:
_Thomas Gray was one of the most famous poets of England. He is famous for his poem "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" which he wrote in 1750. In this poem, Gray is sitting alone in a village graveyard in the evening. He sees the graves of poor, simple farmers who lived and died unknown. No one remembers them. No monuments were built for them. Gray thinks that among these poor farmers, there may have been a great leader, a poet, or a scholar, but because they were poor and had no education, their talent was wasted. The poem teaches us that every life is valuable, even if it is simple and unknown. Death is equal for rich and poor.
Conclusion:
Reading skills make us smart and fast learners. Skimming helps to get the main idea quickly, while Scanning helps to find exact answers in exams. Both skills save time and improve understanding. A good reader uses both skills to become more knowledgeable and confident.
